Table of Contents
1. Influenza
2. Diarrhea
3. Typhus
4. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
5. Leptospirosis
6. Malaria
7. Hand, foot and mouth disease (PTKM)
8. Cholera
Jakarta, goldensamoyed Indonesia
—
Weather
which has been erratic lately, sometimes scorching hot, then suddenly
rain
Heavy water often makes the body fall easily.
For residents of big cities like Jakarta, the rainy season is synonymous with flooding, clogged roads and an increased risk of disease.
In fact, it is not rainwater that is the direct cause of various diseases, but rather damp environmental conditions and standing water which makes it easier for viruses and bacteria to breed.
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So that you don’t get sick easily, recognize eight diseases that often attack the body during the rainy season, reported
Ministry of Health
:
1. Influenza
Flu or influenza is one of the most common illnesses in the rainy season.Viruses such as rhinovirus are easily transmitted through coughing, sneezing, or contaminated objects.
Symptoms include fever, sneezing, joint pain, and feeling unwell.Even though it is relatively mild, flu still needs to be watched out for, especially for pneumonia sufferers.
Maintain your immune system and consume nutritious food to speed up recovery.
2. Diarrhea
This condition is characterized by defecation more frequently than usual due to viral or bacterial infections, such as Rotavirus, E. coli, and Shigella.Apart from causing dehydration, diarrhea can also cause the body to lose important nutrients.
Make sure food is handled cleanly and always wash your hands before eating to prevent transmission of this disease.
3. Typhus
Research in The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene shows that typhoid cases in Indonesia increase during the rainy season.Salmonella typhi bacteria grow faster in humid air.
Symptoms include high fever that fluctuates, especially at night.If left untreated, typhoid can cause serious complications such as pneumonia and inflammation of the heart.Antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin or azithromycin are generally used to treat it.
4. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
Stagnant water around the house is a favorite place for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to breed. Apart from high fever, dengue fever is characterized by muscle and joint pain.In severe conditions, this disease can cause bleeding and even death.
The main preventive measure is 3M, draining, closing and recycling water reservoirs.
5. Leptospirosis
Also known as rat urine disease, leptospirosis is caused by the bacteria Leptospira interrogans which comes from rodent urine in stagnant water.Symptoms can include yellow skin, red eyes, and palpitations.
See a doctor immediately if you experience these symptoms because leptospirosis can cause kidney failure or brain damage.
6. Malaria
Anopheles mosquitoes, which are active in the rainy season, can transmit the Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria.
Symptoms include fever, chills, muscle aches and excessive sweating, usually appearing one to four weeks after the mosquito bite.Mild malaria sufferers can be treated with primaquine, while severe cases require treatment with artesunate.
7. Hand, foot and mouth disease (PTKM)
This disease, also known as Singapore flu, is caused by an enterovirus which is easily transmitted when the air is humid.
Symptoms include a rash or small lumps on the hands, feet and mouth, accompanied by a sore throat. Most cases heal within 7-10 days, but you still need rest and enough fluids to prevent complications such as meningitis.
8. Cholera
Densely populated areas with poor sanitation are ideal places for Vibrio cholerae bacteria to grow in the rainy season.
This bacteria can contaminate drinking water and cause severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even hypoglycemia. Cleanliness of water and food is the key to prevention.If infected, the patient needs to be immediately given electrolytes and antibiotics as recommended by the doctor.
The rainy season is not a reason to panic, but is the right time to increase your vigilance. Maintaining a clean environment, adopting a healthy diet, and ensuring clean water intake can be simple steps that protect you from various rainy season diseases.
(tis/tis)
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