Table of Contents
1. Bombay blood type
2. Lutheran Null blood type
The importance of knowing rare blood types
How to find out blood type
1. Laboratory tests
2. Through blood donation
3. Genetic testing
Jakarta, goldensamoyed Indonesia
—
When you hear the term
golden blood
or Rh null, many people immediately imagine how rare this blood type is.However, apart from Rh null, the medical world also knows several
blood type
others are no less rare and require very special handling.
The existence of this rare blood type is crucial in the world of health, especially when blood transfusions with high compatibility are needed.The very small number of owners makes finding donors often a big challenge.
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The following is an explanation of several rare blood types that are rarely known to the public, citing various sources:
1. Bombay blood type
The Bombay blood group, also known as hh, was first discovered in India and is one of the rarest blood types in the world.The prevalence is estimated to be only around 1 in 1 million in several European regions.
Bombay’s uniqueness lies in the absence of the H antigen, the basic structure forming the ABO system.Although often mistaken for blood type O, Bombay is actually very different.
Owners of this blood type cannot receive transfusions from type O at all because it can trigger dangerous hemolytic reactions.
The only suitable donor for them was a fellow Bombay bloodman.But interestingly, they can donate blood to all groups in the ABO system.
2. Lutheran Null blood type
The Lutheran blood group system has a complex of 19 antigens.Among the variations, Lutheran null is the rarest.To date, only about five cases have been recorded worldwide.
Owners of this blood type do not have Lutheran a (Luᵃ) and Lutheran b (Luᵇ) antigens on the surface of red blood cells.Although rarely heard of, the absence of this antigen can be an obstacle when the individual requires a transfusion.
Suitable blood stock is almost impossible to find without an international donor network.
The importance of knowing rare blood types
Knowing your blood type is not just medical information, but also part of preparedness in emergency situations.
For owners of rare blood types, this information is much more important.They are advised to include it on their medical card or identity bracelet, so that medical personnel can act quickly in critical situations.
In addition, blood donations from people with rare groups are very valuable.Many blood centers have special networks to store and distribute rare blood stocks to keep them available to patients around the world.
How to find out blood type
There are several methods you can use to confirm your blood type:
1. Laboratory tests
The most common way is a direct blood test at a hospital or laboratory.The blood sample will be reacted with reagents to detect certain antigens.
2. Through blood donation
Many blood banks provide blood type information to donors after routine screening.Apart from knowing your blood type, you also help increase the national blood stock.
3. Genetic testing
If the results of the laboratory examination are deemed not clear enough, a genetic test can be performed.This test analyzes DNA to determine blood type more specifically, especially in cases related to rare blood types.
(tis/tis)
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